Saturday, January 10, 2026

The ‘Illegal Stop’ Narrative Isn’t Just Wrong. It’s Dangerous

By Amy Swearer

Friday, January 09, 2026

 

It seems a new consensus has developed among the segment of perpetually online legal wonks who don’t believe in national borders. According to these pseudo-experts, U.S. citizens enjoy what basically amounts to a categorical exemption from the jurisdiction and legal authority of federal immigration agents. ICE agents, they proclaim, aren’t real law enforcement officers, and therefore, you don’t have to listen to them, and there’s nothing they can do about it.

 

It is unclear when, precisely, the “online experts” reached this consensus. But its existence is evident in the aftermath of this week’s deadly ICE-involved shooting in Minneapolis, which resulted in the death of 37-year-old Renee Good. Good’s death prompted countless variations of the “claim” to emerge from even “verified attorneys” on social media.

 

Accounts with hundreds of thousands­ — sometimes millions — of followers confidently declared (and many are still declaring) that federal agents instigated the deadly encounter by conducting an illegal stop of Good’s car. In their view, Good was a U.S. citizen, and ICE agents are completely prohibited from enforcing immigration laws against citizens. Evidently, they believe that the “illegal stop” renders the ICE agents not only morally but legally responsible for Good’s death.

 

It’s just not true.

 

Federal immigration agents are real federal law enforcement officers. The ICE agents who ordered Good out of her car had legitimate and lawful authority to arrest her. And none of those factors are legally relevant to whether the agent who shot Good was justified in using deadly force under the circumstances.

 

Yes, the primary mission of ICE is to enforce federal immigration law, and its agents’ statutory authority centers on investigating and arresting noncitizens who violate those laws. Moreover, citizens generally fall outside the scope of ICE agents’ civil immigration enforcement authority.

 

This does not mean, however, that ICE agents lack any jurisdiction over citizens and have no legal authority whatsoever to detain or arrest citizens under any other circumstances. Nor does it mean that citizens have carte blanche to impede ICE agents as they carry out their immigration enforcement duties, to ignore lawful orders from ICE agents, or to otherwise endanger their safety.

 

Contrary to these wild internet claims, ICE agents do, in fact, have broad arrest powers and aren’t required to look on helplessly as citizens violate ordinary criminal laws right in front of them with impunity.

 

Federal law specifically empowers ICE agents to arrest citizens and noncitizens alike who commit “any offense against the United States” in their presence. Additionally, they can arrest anyone — alien or otherwise — whenever they have reasonable grounds to believe the person committed a felony under federal law. In this case, Minnesota state law also explicitly authorizes federal immigration officers to make warrantless arrests when they’re acting within the scope of their federal law enforcement assignments and come across certain conditions — including, for relevant purposes, when they witness the commission of “any felony” or have reasonable cause to believe one was committed.

 

As it turns out, several state and federal statutes made it more than reasonable for ICE agents witnessing Good’s behavior that day to arrest her. 18 U.S.C. Section 111, for example, makes it a crime to impede or obstruct federal agents performing their official duties. That definition quite comfortably applies to a woman who positioned her car nearly perpendicular to the flow of traffic on a public roadway in a seemingly intentional effort to block the path of a vehicle she knew contained ICE agents conducting immigration enforcement raids. Similarly, Section 609.494 of the Minnesota Revised Statutes deems it a felony to engage in words or acts intended to help a criminal offender avoid arrest or punishment — something that arguably applies to a person who intentionally undermines a federal agency’s efforts to arrest and deport criminal aliens.

 

Moreover, let’s assume purely for the sake of argument that the “borders are bad” legal experts on social media are correct, and ICE agents had no lawful basis for trying to detain or arrest Good under the circumstances. It simply doesn’t matter in the way that advocates of the “illegal stop” argument suggest.

 

Sure, had Good survived the encounter and been criminally charged with evading arrest, she might have been able to invoke the stop’s allegedly unlawful nature as a legal defense of her actions. But an “illegal stop” would have no bearing whatsoever on the legality of the ICE agent’s subsequent use of lethal force against Good as she tried to drive away (and struck him with her vehicle in the process). There, the only relevant question is whether the agent reasonably believed his actions were necessary to prevent or resist the imminent infliction of death or serious bodily injury. If the agent did, in fact, hold such a reasonable belief, then his actions constituted a legally justified use of deadly force by a law enforcement officer under both Minnesota and federal law.

 

It doesn’t matter whether a court might have, in theory, later determined that the agents lacked sufficient legal justifications to detain or arrest Good. The law doesn’t vindictively strip peace officers of their right to claim self-defense under those circumstances.

 

The “internet narrative” telling people otherwise isn’t just wrong — it’s dangerous. It encourages people like Renee Good to seek out confrontations with federal agents, emboldened by the erroneous belief that they aren’t just morally right, but legally untouchable. All because they took legal advice from strangers on social media, none of whom will themselves bear the deadly consequences.

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