By Steve Chapman
Sunday, May 12, 2013
If rain is pouring and you don't want to get wet, you
have a few choices. You can stay inside. You can put on a raincoat, grab an
umbrella and brave the torrent. Or you can step outside and demand that it
stop.
This last option has obvious advantages. It doesn't
interfere with your daily routine, and it doesn't require rain gear. The only
flaw is that it doesn't work.
Congress faces a similar choice when it comes to
immigration laws. A tentative consensus has formed around a package of changes
that would let many people living here illegally stay and eventually gain
citizenship. But some conservatives are opposed to what they deride as
"amnesty." They insist instead on going on an enforcement spending
spree, while barring undocumented foreigners from any hope of becoming
Americans.
Both ideas reside in a dimension far removed from
reality. Efforts to secure the border have been radically intensified in recent
years without stopping people from sneaking in. Efforts to make life miserable
for those who are not supposed to be here have not made them leave.
Conservatives usually recognize the futility of resisting
powerful market forces. They know that price controls and minimum wage laws
have a way of backfiring. But some of them exhibit a touching faith that with
enough diligence, the federal government can seal off the U.S. labor market
from the world.
It can't. When a relatively poor country whose jobs pay
little shares a long border with a rich one whose jobs pay much better, many of
those in Country A will migrate to Country B -- even if it means they must pay
large fees to criminal smugglers, risk death in crossing, do dirty and
unpleasant work and endure the constant danger of being arrested and evicted.
Today, the government spends nearly 10 times as much on
the Border Patrol as it did in 1993. What does Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas, propose
now? Tripling the number of Border Patrol officers and quadrupling outlays on
surveillance gadgets. But if carpet-bombing the Rio Grande with cash hasn't
worked so far, it probably isn't going to work in the future.
The trouble is that border agents have to succeed every
time a particular migrant tries to cross, but the migrant has to succeed only
once. A 2009 study from the Center for Comparative Immigration Studies at the
University of California, San Diego found that "of those who are caught,
all but a tiny minority eventually get through -- between 92 and 98
percent."
The enemies of the Senate reform plan often sound as
though they have a much better solution. But the alternative is not some magic
formula that will rid the nation of those residing here without legal
permission. It's merely to consign them to inferior status, forever. It's the
status quo.
What's wrong with that? Just about everything. It means
11 million people, including 1.7 million brought here as children (the
"dreamers"), will go on living among us without the protections of
the law.
As a result, they are more likely to be underpaid, more
apt to work off the books, more vulnerable to crime and less likely to pay the
taxes they owe. There's not much upside for any of us.
If the concern is that undocumented foreigners will
impose a fiscal burden, it makes sense to get them out in the open -- where
they will remit taxes like other legal workers. They can already get free
emergency medical care, and their kids can attend public schools. It's not as
though the current situation is a fiscal bargain.
One of those young dreamers who is barred from going to
college or joining the military is more likely to become a public burden than
one who is free to pursue her vocational ambitions. A youngster whose parents
are deported may not be able to get the education to be a productive citizen.
If the concern is that unauthorized immigrants drive down
the wages of American workers, it likewise makes no sense to keep them in the
underground economy, where unscrupulous employers can pay them less than a
normal market wage. Once they can work legally, their wages are likely to rise,
reducing any downward pressure on earnings.
No one relishes the task of finding useful ways to
address the longstanding results of illegal immigration, but they require
attention. Congress can make an omelet, or it can try to unscramble the eggs.
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